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Vladimir Lj. Cvetković, PhD
Institute for Recent History of Serbia
Belgrade, Republic of Serbia

 

SITUATION ON YUGOSLAV-ROMANIAN BORDER AND TWO-OWNER ESTATES 1945–1948

Vol. XXXIX, 1/2021, pp. 99–114
https://doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2021.1.cve.99-114

 

ABSTRACT/RESUME:

Based on Yugoslav archival sources and relevant literature, the paper examines the situation on the Yugoslav-Romanian border from the end of the World War II until the Cominform Resolution of June of 1948, which led to a deterioration of relations between the two states. By looking at threatening state of security at the border, border incidents, and the functioning of two-owner estates, it is possible to see the attitude and policy of Yugoslavia toward Romania and events on its political scene during its transformation from a parliamentary monarchy to a one-party Soviet-type republic. The situation on the border between Yugoslavia and Romania is a good indicator of the impact of changed circumstances on Yugoslav-Romanian relations. Although these relations were traditionally friendly, as they had been in the period between 1945 and 1948, despite their interruption during World War II due to Romania’s siding with the Axis, some distrust was noticeable. It was a consequence of the two countries’ different view on the presence of the Soviet factor, but also of the disproportionate speed with which the process of transforming both states into people’s democracies proceeded. Whereas Yugoslavia viewed the Red Army as a liberator and the process of Sovietization was finished quickly, in Romania the same Red Army was seen as an occupier and the mentioned process was slower with incomparably greater resistance. This is because the Romanian Army and government administration were often seen as remnants of the previous fascist regime and elements of resistance to Sovietization in Romania at the time. On the other hand, from the Romanian point of view, Yugoslavia was perceived as a collaborator and helper of the unwanted Red Army in Romania. On the Yugoslav-Romanian border mutual distrust and lack of cooperation was present, which resulted in security issues, occasional incidents, and non-functioning of two-owner estates.

 

KEYWORDS: Yugoslavia, Romania, Two-Owner Estates, Border Incidents, Sovietization

 

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